MONEY AND LIFE: April 2013

Tuesday 30 April 2013

DIRTY DANCER (Lyrics)

Enrique, Usher
This is for the dirty girls
All around the world
Here we go

Dirty dirty dancer

‘Nother day, ‘nother night
And she acting like she don’t sleep
She’s a five when she drinks
But she’s a ten when she’s on top of me

She don’t want love she just wanna touch
She’s a greedy girl to never get enough
She don’t wanna love she just wanna touch
Got all the moves that make you get it up

She’s a dirty dirty dancer dirty dirty dancer,
Never ever lonely
She’s a dirty dirty dancer, dirty dirty dancer
You’ll never be her only

She’s a dirty dirty dancer dirty dirty dancer,
Never ever lonely
She’s a dirty dirty dancer, dirty dirty dancer
You’ll never be her only

It’s a game
That she plays
She can win with her eyes closed
It’s insane how she tames
She can turn you to an animal

She don’t want love she just wanna touch
She’s a greedy girl to never get enough
She don’t wanna love she just wanna touch
She’s got all the moves that make you give it up

She’s a dirty dirty dancer dirty dirty dancer,
Never ever lonely
She’s a dirty dirty dancer, dirty dirty dancer
You’ll never be her only

She’s a dirty dirty dancer dirty dirty dancer,
Never ever lonely
She’s a dirty dirty dancer, dirty dirty dancer
You’ll never be her only

Never be her only

She never satisfied
You better do it right
Before you’re lonely

No, she’s never satisfied
You better do it right
Before you’re lonely

She’s a dirty dirty dancer dirty dirty dancer,
Never ever lonely
She’s a dirty dirty dancer, dirty dirty dancer
You’ll never be her only

She’s a dirty dirty dancer dirty dirty dancer,
Never ever lonely
She’s a dirty dirty dancer, dirty dirty dancer
You’ll never be her only
You’ll never be her only

The girl don’t stop
Dirty dancer

The girl don’t stop
The girl don’t stop
Dirty dancer

The girl don’t stop
The girl don’t stop
Dirty dancer

The girl don’t stop
The girl don’t stop

BROKEN ANGEL (Lyrics)

I'm so lonely broken angel
I'm so lonely listen to my heart

man dooset daram:
I love you
be cheshme man gerye nade:
Don't bring tears to my eyes
na, nemitoonam:
No, i can't
bedoone to halam bade:
Without you i'm depressed
I'm so lonely broken angel
I'm so lonely listen to my heart
On n' lonley, broken angel
Come n' save me before i fall apart

to harja ke bashi kenaretam:
Wherever you may be, i will be by your side
ta akharesh divoonatam:
till the end, i'll be crazy about you
to , to nemidooni , ke joonami , bargard pisham :
you , you don't know , that you are my life , return by my side
la la leyli , la la leyli , la laaa :
it (life) has no purporse (without you)

HOTEL CALIFORNIA ( LYRICS)

HOTEL CALIFORNIA (Lyrics)

On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair
Warm smell of colitas, rising up through the air
Up ahead in the distance, I saw a shimmering light
My head grew heavy and my sight grew dim
I had to stop for the night
There she stood in the doorway;
I heard the mission bell
And I was thinking to myself,
'This could be Heaven or this could be Hell'
Then she lit up a candle and she showed me the way
There were voices down the corridor,
I thought I heard them say...

Welcome to the Hotel California
Such a lovely place
Such a lovely face
Plenty of room at the Hotel California
Any time of year, you can find us here

Her mind is Tiffany-twisted, she got the Mercedes-benz
She got a lot of pretty, pretty boys, that she calls friends
How they dance in the courtyard, sweet summer sweat.
Some dance to remember, some dance to forget

So I called up the Captain,
'Please bring me my wine'
He said, 'We haven't had that spirit here since nineteen sixty-nine'
And still those voices are calling from far away,
Wake you up in the middle of the night
Just to hear them say...

Welcome to the Hotel California
Such a lovely place
Such a lovely face
we're livin' it up at the Hotel California
What a nice surprise, bring your alibis

Mirrors on the ceiling,
The pink champagne on ice
And she said 'We are all just prisoners here, of our own device'
And in the master's chambers,
They gathered for the feast
The stab it with their steely knives,
But they just can't kill the beast

Last thing I remember, I was
Running for the door
I had to find the passage back
To the place I was before
'Relax,' said the night man,
We are programmed to receive.
You can check out any time you like,
but you can never leave!

VALUE OF TIME

To know the value of one year

Ask a person who failed in an exam

To know the value of one month

Ask a mother who has pre-mature baby.
To know the value of one week
Ask a weekly editor.
To know the value of one day
Ask a daily labourers.
To know the value of one hour
Ask the lovers.
To know the value of one minute
Ask a passenger who has missed train or bus.
To know the value of one second
Ask a person who has met with an accident.
To know the value of fraction of one second
Ask a person who participates in athletics.

Sunday 28 April 2013

TECHNOLOGY IN BUSINESS

ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN BUSINESS

Technology in business is a growing necessity. As the years go by, the business world is leaning more and more toward it, making it almost impossible to separate the two from each other. Innovation breeds business, and since technology paves the way for it, it can be gathered here that business needs technology to be sustained.

Business has always existed since the early times of man. Even though it only began with the simplistic barter system, business would not be the same as it is today without the advancements in technology. All the major industries would fall into a catastrophic collapse if one were to take away technology from business, since majority of business operations and transactions somehow involve the use of technology.

Technology as a Business Necessity

The role of technology in business caused a tremendous growth in trade and commerce. Business concepts and models were revolutionized as a result of the introduction of technology. This is because technology gave a new and better approach on how to go about with business. It provided a faster, more convenient, and more efficient way of performing business transactions.

Some of actions of technology in business include accounting systems, management information systems, point of sales systems, and other simpler or more complicated tools. Even the calculator is a product of technology. It is indeed unfathomable to summon the idea of going back to the days where everything was done manually, which basically means starting all over again from scratch.

Security and Support

With the automated processes that technology can provide, productivity reaches a higher level. This is due to the minimal resources consumed in processing business activities, allowing room for better products produced and faster services delivered to more clients and customers.

Information is also stored with ease and integrity. With this, confidential and sensitive information are less prone to vulnerabilities. The said information can also be instantly retrieved and analyzed to monitor trends and make forecasts, which can be crucial in decision-making processes.

A Link to the World

Business involves communication, transportation, and more fields, making it a complex web of processes. The technologies pertaining to other fields only pushed business further. Globalization has been realized because of the wonders of technology. Anyone can now do business anywhere within being constricted to the four corners of his room.

Technology in business made it possible to have a wider reach in the global market. The basic example is the Internet, which is now a common marketing tool to attract more consumers in availing products and services offered by various businesses.

Indeed, technology in business ultimately made living worthwhile. It cannot be denied though that technological threats to business are growing rampant, such as hacking and other malicious activities, so one has to be responsible enough in utilizing the power of technology. The good that technology brings has some excess baggage in the form of bad things that threaten to shake the business world. In the end, it is still responsible use of these that would further allow us to enjoy the benefits that technology can bring.

HOW TO START A BANK

The apex banking body of the country, the Reserve Bank of India, had issued the guidelines for licensing new banks on January 22, 1993. They may be mentioned as below:

The banks need to provide a minimum paid-up capital of INR 200 crores to start with. Once the bank starts operating the owners will be required to pay an initial capital of 300 crore rupees. The RBI is normally responsible for approving the proposed bank’s total capital structure and this includes the authorized capital.

At any time, the promoters of the banks will be required to pay at least 40 percent of the bank’s paid-up capital. Rest of the money can be generated through private placement and public issues. If the promoter has invested more than 40% of the start up capital, they will be permitted to dilute their additional share a year after the bank has started to operate. The promoters’ contribution is normally locked in for five years after the bank receives its license.
When the capital gets raised to 300 crores within the 3 year period after starting operations, the promoters will be required to get at least 40% of the additional capital. The remainder can be generated from private placements or public issues. This contribution by the promoters will also be locked in for 5 years after the money is received by the bank.
NRIs cannot provide more than 40 percent in the primary equity of a new bank. If an overseas finance or banking organization is operating as a co-promoter or technical collaborator then it will not be allowed to provide more than 20 percent in the aforementioned limit of 40%. This rule is applicable for the multilateral organizations as well. If there is a deficiency in case of the NRIs’ foreign equity contributions then certified multilateral organizations will be allowed to cover that shortfall. The proposed bank will then have to get permission from Exchange Control Department of the RBI and Foreign Investment Promotion Board of the Indian government.
Major industrial organizations are not permitted to promote banks but individual companies associated with these business houses, indirectly or directly, will be allowed to invest a maximum of 10 percent. As per rules these companies are not permitted to hold controlling shares in a company. Only the RBI has the right to decide if a company can be regarded as an interconnected entity belonging to a leading business house.
The proposed bank is supposed to maintain a significant distance from the business organizations that are part of its promoter group or have invested in the same. The banks are supposed to operate as an independent and unrelated entity and not provide the above mentioned organizations any special credit facilities. The RBI will have the last word when it comes to deciding if a company can be called member of the promoter group of a bank.
Changing NBFCs into banks
The basic criterion for a NBFC (non banking financial company) to become a private sector bank is to have a proper track record. However, there are some other considerations:

The company’s minimum net worth should be INR 200 crore. The figure will be increased to 300 crore rupees three years after the company has been transformed to a bank
The track record of the company should be absolutely perfect in accordance with the directions and regulations of the RBI. Their record for repaying the public deposits should be absolutely fine. There should be no defaults.
The company should not be backed by a major industrial organization or controlled or owned by any public authority such as local, central, and state governments
The company’s capital adequacy should be at least 12 percent and its minimum net NPA should be 5%.
The minimum latest credit rating of the NBFC should AAA.
These NBFCs also need to comply with the RBI guidelines in the following areas:
Lending to priority sector
NRI equity participation
Promoters’ contribution
Foreign equity participation
Lock-in period for contributions made by the promoters
Relationship with promoters and investors
Diluting the promoters’ shares once it crosses the minimum specified limit
Additional Requirements
To start with, the banks need to have a capital adequacy ratio of at least 10 percent from the time they start operations and this needs to be done on a consistent basis. The following criteria also need to be satisfied in order to make sure the bank operates in a proper playing field:

The bank will need to lend at least 40 percent of its net credit to the priority sector
It will have to open a fourth of its branches in semi-urban and rural areas to make sure that not all of the branches are concentrated in the urban areas
Some other important criteria can be mentioned as below:

The promoters, the proposed bank, and the group companies will agree to the RBI’s consolidated supervision system
The promoters can set up the head offices at any place in India according to their convenience
The bank will not be permitted to establish a mutual fund or subsidiary for a minimum of 3 years after it starts operations
The bank should use latest infrastructural facilities and equipments such as telecommunications and computers to make sure customers can be provided services in a cost efficient way. It should also have a properly functional Customer Grievances Cell
The bank will be administered by Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. It will also follow statutes, instructions, directives, guidelines, prudential regulations of RBI, and the regulations of SEBI.

Tuesday 23 April 2013

JUICE BAR BUSINESS

Start a Juice Bar Business

If you are looking for an idea on what business you can start easily, a juice bar is one idea you can seriously consider. With more and more people becoming health conscious, a juice business is timely. How can you start this business? Many people, both young and adult, are now becoming conscious about the nutrition that goes into their food.
Their reasons could vary from general fitness to wanting to look slimmer and great to avoiding diseases, improving overall vitality and wanting to live longer. With this shift from foods with unnatural additives and preservatives to healthier ones, a juice business is very much timely.

Juice Business Structure

You can start a juice business entirely on your own. It would help if you have an experience about juice preparation from working in a juice bar, but this is not necessary. You can also buy an existing business, or get a franchise. Franchising will cost a little bit more, though. If you have an existing food business, you can incorporate a juice business into it.

Juice Bar Menu

You don’t have to be a nutritionist or obtain a degree related to health to know that fruits and vegetables are good for the body. You can sell a variety of juices from apples, carrots, oranges, bananas, celery, melons and other fruits and vegetables. You can purchase juice wholesale from fruits and vegetable juice manufacturers or distributor or you can do the juicing onsite. You can even do both at the same time. Get juices wholesale from Norpac Foods. You can add vitamins and health supplements, for example, those that are known for their immunity boosting or antioxidizing effects. You can sell juices in several cup sizes starting at a price of $3.

Juice Bar Location

You can open at any place that is frequented by people such as tourist attractions, a kiosk in a mall, office building, airport, hotels, schools, beach areas, public markets, health clubs, and fitness clubs. Vending from a cart is another option you can take.

Juice Bar Startup Cost and Profit

Your startup cost will depend on how much you are spending for equipment (juicers and coolers), rent, advertising and getting the necessary license and permit. You can start the business at $10,000. Your profit will depend on your total sales minus the cost of your ingredients and overhead. It could be several times your capital after awhile when you’ve mastered the operation. Adding other items such as sandwiches in your menu can help boost profit.
For tips and advices in starting a juice bar, Stylecareer.com has an eGuide that could help a prospective juice bar owner find resources in starting this business.

Monday 22 April 2013

About 3,000 years ago a papyrus (writing paper made from the pith of papyrus plant) was discovered at Thebes, an ancient city in Egypt, on the Nile River. It offered a reward for the capture of a runaway slave - a person who was owned by another person and had no freedom at all. It was really an advertisement bringing to public notice about the disappearance of a slave. It is believed to be the first and the oldest advertisement in the world.
When man started trade in the olden days, the methods he had adopted to make known his products to the ordinary people were very few. One was the town 'crier'. He used to go around the streets shouting about the products which were available for sale. This method also used to pass on some information to the people in general.
Later on, walls were used as base for written advertisements. They conveyed information about the products and attracted the attention of the passers-by. Then came 'posters', large paper advertisements put up in a public place. Historians who make a careful study to find out new facts have discovered in some ruins of ancient Egypt, posters in the form of wall paintings. But the motive is the same - inviting the attention of the public or making them does something

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Environmental pollution is the biggest menace to the human race on this planet today. It means adding impurity to environment. The environment consists of earth, water, air, plants and animals. If we pollute them, then the existence of man and nature will be hampered.

It is true that trees are being cut down rapidly. Our earth is becoming warmer. If pollution continues, the day is not far when our earth will be a boiling pan and become a desert. Or it will be covered with sea water causing destruction of mankind.

Pure air is always needed for inhaling. If we take pure air, our health improves. On the other hand impure air causes diseases and impairs our health and causes our death. Smoke pollutes the air. It is the root of air pollution. The smoke which is discharged from industries, automobiles and kitchens is the mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane etc. These are all poisonous gases. These cause lung-cancer, tuberculosis etc. which take a heavy toll of life. The glaring incident is the Bhopal gas leak in December 1984. Thousands of the residents of Bhopal died due to lungs problem which was caused by methylamine gas from the Union Carbide Plant.

The garbage emitting foul smell, the decaying plants and animals also cause air pollution. Hence the doctors advise the patients having lungs trouble to settle in some rural places because the air of villages is pure and free from population.
Then comes sound pollution. The harsh sounds of buses, its, mopeds etc. affect our power of hearing and causes fart trouble. It has been reported that there are two villages named Biraspalli and Devadas Palli near Dum Dum airport m Calcutta where a large number of people have lost their power of hearing. This is because of the frequent sounds of planes coming in and going out of Dum Dum Airport. The evils of sound pollution can be imagined from this example.
The water of rivers and seas is being constantly polluted all over the world by various dangerous chemical and biological wastes. Mills and factories discharge very harmful waste waters into many rivers and sea. The water of the Ganges flowing by the side of both Varanashi and Calcutta is extremely polluted and contains all sorts of dangerous bacteria. It is really very strange and laughable that large number of the Indians regard this water as holy. They even drink this water for salvation. There is no doubt that the fish that grow in such waters are poisonous too.
Reckless application of chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides pollutes the soil. Vegetables and fruits are quite injurious today, because they contain the poison of insecticides and pesticides.
If the air we breathe, the water we drink and the soil which produces our crops, vegetables and fruits, all become more and more impure, then our chances of good health and longevity will be very less and less. Environment pollution is a serious menace to our existence. Realising the danger, we must plant trees in large number to absorb impure air. Impure water from industries can be sent back for purification and then it can be used for irrigation purpose. Our government is well aware of the fact and is taking steps to save environment from pollution.

French fisherman survives Australian crocodile attack

A French fisherman has survived an attack by a young crocodile off the coast of northern Australia.
Yoann Galeran was back at work Monday aboard a fishing boat after he was attacked the night before by a saltwater crocodile between 2 meters (6 feet 7 inches) and 2.5 meters (8 feet 2 inches) long.
The 29-year-old says he was swimming from shore to a dinghy about 15 meters (50 feet) away when the crocodile grabbed his head and neck in its jaws and attempted to drown him in a maneuver known as a death roll.
He escaped but was treated for wounds to his head and neck at a hospital in the remote mining town of Nhulunbuy. Galeran is an Australian resident born in the southeastern French city of Avignon.
source ; http://www.indianexpress.com/news/french-fisherman-survives-australian-crocodile-attack/1105926/

Saturday 20 April 2013

HISTORY OF KFC

The Kentucky Fried Chicken® was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders (born on September 9, 1890) at the age of sixty-five. KFC® is currently one of the largest businesses of the global food service industry and is widely known around the world as the face of Colonel Sanders.
Every year, over a billion KFC® chicken dinners are served featuring the Colonel’s “finger lickin’ good” special recipe. The Colonel has spread his industry currently to more than eighty countries and territories globally.
At the age of forty, Colonel Sanders began cooking for travelers in his service station located in Corbin, KY. However, rather than coming in for service for their cars, hundreds of people began coming to the Colonel’s station specifically for his food. So he expanded his new up-and-coming business by moving across the street to a hotel and restaurant that seated one hundred and forty-two people. While cooking here, Colonel Sanders perfected his secret blend of eleven herbs and spices for his special recipe that is still used today.
With his special cooking techniques, Sanders’ station became famous and he was recognized for his amazing cuisine by the Governor at the time, Ruby Laffoon in 1935 when he was made a Kentucky Colonel; hence the name Colonel Sanders. In 1939, Colonel Sanders’ restaurant won the top spot on Duncan Hines’ “Adventures in Good Eating.”
After his amazing start-up in 1952, the Colonel devoted himself for the rest of his life to his chicken franchising business. To spread his famous recipe, he spanned the country in his car from his small business in Kentucky to cook his chicken for restaurant owners and their employees. If his subjects loved it like his other customers had, the Colonel made a deal with the establishment, saying that they would pay him a nickel for each chicken they sold in their restaurant. So many restaurants agreed that by 1964, the Colonel had over six hundred franchised outlets in the United States and Canada for his chicken. Also in 1964, Colonel Sanders decided to sell his interest in the United States company for small change (only $2 million) to a small faction of investors, such as John Y. Brown Jr., the governor of Kentucky from 1980 to 1984. However, Colonel Sanders continued to be the public spokesman for KFC® and in 1976, he was named the world’s second-most identifiable celebrity by an independent survey.
With this new group of investors undertaking the Corporation, KFC® expanded and matured quickly. The Corporation was listed on the New York Stock Exchange on January 16, 1969, only three years after it had gone public on March 17, 1966. Then, after the KFC Corporation® was acquired by Heublein Inc. on July 8, 1971 for $285 million, the company grew to an enormous three thousand and five hundred franchised and company-owned restaurants world-wide.
Subsequently, Heublein Inc. was next acquired by R.J. Reynolds Industries, Inc. (currently RJR Nabisco, Inc.) in 1982, making Kentucky Fried Chicken® a subsidiary of Reynolds. After that, in October of 1986, PepsiCo, Inc. made a purchase of $840 million from RJR Nabisco, Inc.
However, in January of 1997, PepsiCo, Inc. revealed that it would be making KFC® and its other small quick service restaurants – Taco Bell and Pizza Hut – into an independent restaurant company known as Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc. The company also stated that it would change the corporation’s name to Yum! Brands, Inc. in May of 2002. This corporation, which currently owns A&W All-American Food Restaurants, KFC, Long John Silvers, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell restaurants, is the world's principal restaurant corporation in terms of system units, having a stifling thirty-two thousand and five hundred units in over one hundred countries and territories.
Sadly, after traveling two hundred fifty thousand miles every year visiting his restaurants around the globe, Colonel Sanders died of leukemia at the age of ninety in 1980.
Interestingly enough, this enormous, global corporation all started with simply a sixty-five-year-old gentleman and a chicken.

SOURCE ; WWW.KFC.COM

HOW CAN WE WORK

How can we do our work perfectly ? It's not a step by step procedure to follow on, but we should make it a habit or a part of our daily life. We can apply the technique of doing our work , so that we will have greater enjoyment while doing our work.

Whenever you are doing a work you can concentrate on the work at hand or at the process, instead of the end result. Also result is not in your hand. Some people work keeping money in mind. If you do the work , without thinking of the end result , then you will enjoy the work more. I am not saying that you should not take money for the work. If you think about the end result or the benefits you will get after doing the work , you may mess up the things you are doing or you will not be at peace.

Also be unselfish , don't think what is in it for me. If you take up any work, with any selfish motive , that is not a real work. Work should be inspired. If you feel inspired and happy , you will forget everything , not feeling tried , then that is the real work. Some people work for benefits like money or something like that. Then they feel stress and tired . If you are feel stress and tired during work then it is not an inspired work. Feel peace when doing a work.

NICK VUJICIC

Nick Vujicic was born with no arms or legs - but he doesn't let the details stop him.
The brave 26-year-old - who is mainly torso - plays football and golf, swims, and surfs, despite having no limbs.
Nick has a small foot on his left hip which helps him balance and enables him to kick.
He uses his one foot to type, write with a pen and pick things up between his toes.
'I call it my chicken drumstick,' joked Nick, who was born in Melbourne, Australia, but now lives in Los Angeles. 'I'd be lost without it.
'When I get in the water I float because 80 per cent of my body is lungs and my drumstick acts as a propeller.'
Due to his faith as an Evangelical Christian, Nick has chosen to remain a virgin until marriage although he has had long-term girlfriends in the past.
'He's very modest but he gets marriage proposals from women all the time,' said Nick's friend and publicist Steve Appel, from Los Angeles.
'He would love to get married and start a family but he's waiting for the right girl to come along.'
When Nick was born his father was so shocked he left the hospital room to vomit. His distraught mother couldn't bring herself to hold him until he was four months old.
His disability came without any medical explanation - a rare occurrence called Phocomelia - and Nick and his parents spent many years asking why this cruel trick would happen to them.
'My mother was a nurse and she did everything right during pregnancy but she still blamed herself,' he said.
'It was so hard for them but right from the start they did their best to make me independent.
'My dad put me in the water at 18 months and gave the courage to learn how to swim.
'I also got really into football and skateboarding. I totally love the English Premier League.'
Nick's father was a computer programmer and accountant and he taught his little son how to type with his toe at just 6 years old.
His mum invented a special plastic device that meant he could hold a pen and pencil.
Despite the risk of bullying, his parents insisted Nick attended mainstream school.
'It was the best decision they could have made for me,' adds Nick, who later achieved a degree in Financial Planning and Real Estate. 'It was very hard but it gave me independence.'
Nick, who was teased and bullied, had an electric wheelchair for mobility, and a team of carers to help him.
'I was deeply depressed when I was eight years old,' he said. 'I went to my mum crying and told her I wanted to kill myself.
'I felt cold and bitter. I hated God for doing this to me and was terrified of what would happen when my parents weren't there to look after me.
'I could brush my own teeth with a wall mounted brush and wash my own hair with pump action soap, but there was so much that was impossible for me.'
At age ten Nick, tried to drown himself in the bath but luckily the attempt was unsuccessful.
'I felt there was no purpose when you lack purpose and strength it is hard to hold on,' he said.
But with the help of his religion, friends and family, Nick managed to pull through to become an international symbol of triumph over adversity
The football fan is now a motivational speaker and has travelled to over 24 countries speaking to groups of up to 110,000 people.
'When I was 13 I read a newspaper article about a disabled man who had managed to achieve great things and help others,' said Nick, who also plays golf with the club tucked under his chin.
'I realised why God had made us like this - to give hope to others. It was so inspirational to me that I decided to use my life to encourage other people and give them the courage that the article had given me.
'I decided to be thankful for what I do have, not get angry about what I don't.
'I looked at myself in the mirror and said: 'You know what the world is right that I have no arms or legs, but they'll never take away the beauty of my eyes.' I wanted to concentrate on something good that I had.'
In 1990 Nick won the Australian Young Citizen of the Year award for his bravery and perseverance.
'When kids run up to me and ask 'what happened?' I just lean over and whisper 'cigarettes', he laughed.
'And once I was in a car and this girl at traffic lights was giving me the eye. She could only see my head so I decided to do a 360 in the car seat to freak her out.
'Her face was like woooooooah what is going on? She sped off really quickly.'
Nick began travelling the world and in 2008 he went to Hawaii and met surfing master Bethany Hamilton, who had her arm bitten off by a shark when she was 12.
'She was amazing, said Nick. 'She taught me how to surf and I was terrified at first, but once I got up there it felt absolutely fantastic and I caught some waves pretty well.'
Nick quickly learned how to do three 360 degree spins on his board - a feat that got him on the cover of Surfer magazine within 48 hours.
'No one has ever done that in the history of surfing,' he said.
'But I have a very low centre of gravity so I've got pretty good balance.'
He moved to Los Angeles two years ago and plans to continue to travel the world - this year he will visit South America and the Middle East.
'I tell people to keep on getting up when they fall and to always love themselves,' he said.
'If I can encourage just one person then my job in this life is done.'

HISTORY OF SWITZERLAND

Originally inhabited by the Helvetians, or Helvetic Celts, the territory comprising modern Switzerland came under Roman rule during the Gallic wars in the 1st century BC and remained a Roman province until the 4th century AD. Under Roman influence, the population reached a high level of civilization and enjoyed a flourishing commerce. Important cities, such as Geneva, Basel, and Zurich, were linked by military roads that also served as trade arteries between Rome and the northern tribes.
After the decline of the Roman Empire, Switzerland was invaded by Germanic tribes from the north and west. Some tribes, such as the Alemanni in central and northeastern Switzerland, and the Burgundians, who ruled western Switzerland, settled there. In 800, the country became part of Charlemagne's empire. It later passed under the dominion of the Holy Roman emperors in the form of small ecclesiastic and temporal holdings subject to imperial sovereignty.
With the opening of a new important north-south trade route across the Alps in the early 13th century, the Empire's rulers began to attach more importance to the remote Swiss mountain valleys, which were granted some degree of autonomy under direct imperial rule. Fearful of the popular disturbances flaring up following the death of the Holy Roman Emperor in 1291, the ruling families from Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden signed a charter to keep public peace and pledging mutual support in upholding autonomous administrative and judicial rule. The anniversary of the charter's signature (August 1, 1291) today is celebrated as Switzerland's National Day.
Between 1315 and 1388 the Swiss Confederates inflicted three crushing defeats on the Habsburgs, whose aspiration to regional dominion clashed with Swiss self-determination. During that period, five other localities (cantons in modern-day parlance) joined the original three in the Swiss Confederation. Buoyed by their feats, the Swiss Confederates continuously expanded their borders by military means and gained formal independence from the Holy Roman Empire in 1499. Routed by the French and Venetians near Milan in 1515, they renounced expansionist policies. By then the Swiss Confederation had become a union of 13 localities with a regularly convening diet administering the subject territories. Swiss mercenaries continued for centuries to serve in other armies; the Swiss Guard of the Pope is a vestige of this tradition.
The Reformation led to a division between the Protestant followers of Zwingli and Calvin in the German and French parts of the country respectively, and the Catholics. Despite two centuries of civil strife, the common interest in the joint subject territories kept the Swiss Confederation from falling apart. The traffic in mercenaries as well as the alienation between the predominantly Protestant Swiss and their Catholic neighbors kept the Swiss Confederation out of the wars of the European powers, which formally recognized Swiss neutrality in the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. The Swiss remained neutral during the War of the First Coalition against revolutionary France, but Napoleon, nonetheless, invaded and annexed much of the country in 1797-98, replacing the loose confederation with a centrally governed unitary state.
The Congress of Vienna in 1815 re-established the old confederation of sovereign states and enshrined Switzerland's status of permanent armed neutrality in international law. In 1848, after a brief civil war between Protestant liberals seeking a centralized national state and Catholic conservatives clinging on to the old order, the majority of Swiss Cantons opted for a Federal State, modeled in part on the U.S. Constitution. The Swiss Constitution established a range of civic liberties and made far-reaching provisions to maintain cantonal autonomy to placate the vanquished Catholic minority. The Swiss amended their Constitution extensively in 1874, establishing federal responsibility for defense, trade, and legal matters, as well as introducing direct democracy by popular referendum. To this day, cantonal autonomy and referendum democracy remain trademarks of the Swiss polity.
Switzerland industrialized rapidly during the 19th century and by 1850 had become the second most industrialized country in Europe after Great Britain. During World War I serious tension developed between the German, French, and Italian-speaking parts of the country, and Switzerland came close to violating its neutrality but managed to stay out of hostilities. Labor unrest culminating in a general strike in 1918 marked the interwar period, but in 1937 employers and the largest trade union concluded a formal agreement to settle disputes peacefully, which governs workplace relations to the present day. During World War II, Switzerland came under heavy pressure from the fascist powers, which after the fall of France in 1940 completely surrounded the country. Some political and economic leaders displayed a mood of appeasement, but a combination of tactical accommodation and demonstrative readiness to defend the country helped Switzerland survive unscathed.
The Cold War enhanced the role of neutral Switzerland and offered the country a way out of its diplomatic isolation after World War II. Economically, Switzerland integrated itself into the American-led Western postwar order, but it remained reluctant to enter supranational bodies. Switzerland did not for many decades join the United Nations, even though Geneva became host to the UN's European headquarters and the country played an active role in many of the UN's specialized agencies. Switzerland also remained aloof in the face of European integration efforts, waiting until 1963 to join the Council of Europe. It still remains outside the European Union. Instead, Switzerland in 1960 helped form the European Free Trade Area, which did not strive for political union. Following the Cold War, Switzerland joined the Bretton Woods institutions in 1992 and finally became a member of the United Nations in 2002.

SOURCE .. http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/History/Switzerland-history.htm

IMPORTANCE OF TIME

Time is very potent factor in our lives since we all grow , live and perish.

Human life is a short span of time in eternity. We must make the best use of time in eternity .

We must make the best use of time which is very valuable. Those who wish to achieve success in

their pursuits should make the best use of every second. Time and tide wait for none.

Time once lost is lost forever. Nothing can escape it,s hold.

It is up to us whether we must time wisely or waste it foolishly. Only a wise and career conscious person utilizes time to his best advantage. He alone raises to dizzy heights of success because he hears the inaudible footsteps of time and keep pace with it. Those who don,t realize the worth of time do not live but only exist , like stones trees etc..... foolish people think that success and failure depend on chance and luck. They are ignorant of the fact and proper use of time is the best guarantee of happiness.

We become great and good in proportion to the time profitably utilized . Successful men are those who have used time properly.

Friday 19 April 2013

MONEY MARKET AND CAPITAL MARKET

When we talk about Capital and Money Market, we can say
The capital and the money markets are two types of financial markets. The primary difference between the two is that if the organizations have to borrow or invest funds for a longer period of time then they go in the capital markets and if they want to borrow or invest funds for a short period of time then they go for the money markets. Secondly, capital markets deal with stocks and bonds while money markets deal with certificates of deposits, bankers' acceptance, repurchase agreements and commercial paper. Thirdly, there are more speculations in the capital market as compare to the money market because capital market offers high maturity on the credit instruments. Moreover, higher returns are paid on the securities traded in the capital market as compare to the money market because of the high risk in capital markets.
In order to understand what the differences between things are you first need to understand what each of the items is. In this case before you can understand the difference between capital markets and money markets you are going to need to understand what capital markets are and what money markets are. Once you understand the two items are it will be easier to see what the difference or differences are between the two markets.
What is capital market?
Basically the capital market is a type of financial market, it includes the stocks and bonds market as well. But in general the capital market is the market for securities where either companies or the government can raise long term funds. One way that the companies or the government raise these long term funds is through issuing bonds, which is where a person buys the bond for a set price and allows the government or company to borrow their money for a certain time period but they are promised a higher return for allowing them to borrow the money, the higher return is paid through interest that accrues on the money that the government or company borrows.
Another way that the companies or government can raise money in the capital market is through the stock market, most of the time you don't see the government as a part of the stock market, but it can actually happen so we need to include them. But how the stock market works is that the companies decide to sell shares of their stock, which is basically ownership in the company, to ordinary people and other companies, as a way to raise money. The people who buy the stock are usually given dividends each year, if the company has agreed to pay out dividends, so that is another possible return on their investment. The capital market actually consists of two markets. The first market is the primary market and it is where new issues are distributed to investors, and the secondary market where existing securities are traded. Both of these markets are regulated so that fraud does not occur and in the United States the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is in charge of regulating the capital market.
What is the money market?
Basically the money market is the global financial market for short-term borrowing and lending and provides short term liquid funding for the global financial system. The average amount of time that companies borrow money in a money market is about thirteen months or lower. Some of the more common types of things used in the money market are certificates of deposits, bankers' acceptance, repurchase agreements and commercial paper to name a few.
Basically what the money market consists of is banks that borrow and lend to each other, but other types of finance companies are involved in the money market. What usually happens is the finance companies fund themselves by issuing large amounts of asset backed commercial paper that is secured by the promise of eligible assets into an asset backed commercial paper conduit. Your most common examples of these are auto loans, mortgage loans, and credit card receivables.
What is the difference?
Basically the difference between the capital markets and money markets is that capital markets are for long term investments, companies are selling stocks and bonds in order to borrow money from their investors to improve their company or to purchase assets. Whereas money markets are more of a short term borrowing or lending market where banks borrow and lend between each other, as well as finance companies and everything that is borrowed is usually paid back within thirteen months.
Another difference between the two markets is what is being used to do the borrowing or lending. In the capital markets the most common thing used is stocks and bonds, whereas with the money markets the most common things used are commercial paper and certificates of deposits.

THE HISTORY OF MONEY

Barter	The first people didn't buy goods from other people with money. They used barter. Barter is the exchange of personal possessions of value for other goods that you want. This kind of exchange started at the beginning of humankind and is still used today. From 9,000-6,000 B.C., livestock was often used as a unit of exchange. Later, as agriculture developed, people used crops for barter. For example, I could ask another farmer to trade a pound of apples for a pound of bananas.
Shells	At about 1200 B.C. in China, cowry shells became the first medium of exchange, or money. The cowry has served as money throughout history even to the middle of this century.
First Metal Money	China, in 1,000 B.C., produced mock cowry shells at the end of the Stone Age. They can be thought of as the original development of metal currency. In addition, tools made of metal, like knives and spades, were also used in China as money. From these models, we developed today's round coins that we use daily. The Chinese coins were usually made out of base metals which had holes in them so that you could put the coins together to make a chain.
Silver	At about 500 B.C., pieces of silver were the earliest coins. Eventually in time they took the appearance of today and were imprinted with numerous gods and emperors to mark their value. These coins were first shown in Lydia, or Turkey, during this time, but the methods were used over and over again, and further improved upon by the Greek, Persian, Macedonian, and Roman empires. Not like Chinese coins, which relied on base metals, these new coins were composed from scarce metals such as bronze, gold, and silver, which had a lot of intrinsic value.
Leather Currency	In 118 B.C., banknotes in the form of leather money were used in China. One-foot square pieces of white deerskin edged in vivid colors were exchanged for goods. This is believed to be the beginning of a kind of paper money.
Noses	During the ninth century A.D., the Danes in Ireland had an expression "To pay through the nose." It comes from the practice of cutting the noses of those who were careless in paying the Danish poll tax.
Paper Currency	From the ninth century to the fifteenth century A.D., in China, the first actual paper currency was used as money. Through this period the amount of currency skyrocketed causing severe inflation. Unfortunately, in 1455 the use of the currency vanished from China. European civilization still would not have paper currency for many years.
Potlach	In 1500, North American Indians engaged in potlach, a term that describes the exchange of gifts at banquets, dances, and various rituals. Since the trading of gifts was so important in figuring the leaders’ community status, potlach went out of control as the gifts became more extravagant in an effort to surpass others' gifts.
Wampum	In 1535, though likely well before this earliest recorded date, strings of beads made from clam shells, called wampum, are used by North American Indians as money. Wampum means white, the color of the clam shells and the beads.
Gold Standard	In 1816, England made gold a benchmark of value. This meant that the value of currency was pegged to a certain number of ounces of gold. This would help to prevent inflation of currency. The U.S. went on the gold standard in 1900.
Depression	Because of the depression of the 1930's, the U.S. began a world wide movement to end tying currency to gold. Today, few nations tie the value of their currency to the price of gold. Other government and financial institutions now try to control inflation.
Today	At present, nations continue to change their currencies. For example, the U.S. has already changed its $100 and $20 banknotes. More changes are in the works.
Tomorrow	Tomorrow is already here. Electronic money (or digital cash) is already being exchanged over the Internet.

Neither the depth nor the mind

Can be measured..

When the time passes

When the floating seasons go

And when the chirping birds fly away

We think of the passing life

Plenty of time , plenty of duties

But no one to finish

And no one searches for the mystery

Which lies as a mystery for ever.